glossary

The permanent deformation or crystal distortion of a metal below its lowest temperature of re-crystallization, resulting in work hardening.

To render parallels to a certain line or direction.

Fusion that has occurred over the entire base material surfaces intended for welding, and between all layer and passes.

Joint penetration in which the weld metal completely fills the groove and is fused to the base metal throughout its total thickness.

A groove weld in which weld metal extends through the joint thickness.