glossary

The arrangement of direct current arc welding leads with the work as the negative pole and the electrode as the positive pole of the welding arc.

The narrowest point in the gap between two members to be welded, or the point in the gap furthest removed from the electrode. Usually these points are one and the same.

A test in which the weld root is on the convex surface of a specified bend radius.

A weld crack originating in the root bead, which is usually smaller and of higher carbon content than subsequent beads. Crack is caused by shrinkage of the hot weld metal as it cools, placing the root bead under tension.

The intentional gap between members to be joined to assure 100% penetration in groove type welds.