Molten steel cooled and solidified in a mold.

The diameter of the circle a length of the electrode assumes when lying free on a smooth surface.

A heat-treatment process, applied to steel or iron-carbon alloys, by which a harder outside is obtained over a softer interior; depth or increased hardness depends upon length of treatment.

In thermal spraying, the gas used to carry powdered materials from the powder feeder or hopper to the gun.

Steel whose physical properties are chiefly the result of the percentage of carbon contained in it; and iron-carbon alloy in which the carbon is the most important constituent, ranging from 0.04%-1.40%. It is also referred to as plain carbon steel or straight carbon steel. Minor elements also present in carbon steel include manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and usually silicon.