Steel which has been sufficiently deoxidized during the melting cycle to prevent gases from evolving during the solidification period.

A technique of welding in which a concentrated heat source penetrates completely through a work-piece forming a hole at the leading edge of the molten weld metal. As the heat source progresses, the molten metal fills in behind the hole to form the weld bead.

Opening through the plate where material is removed during the any kind of cutting operation.

A weld joint classification based on five basic joint configurations such as a butt joint, corner joint, edge joint, lap joint, and T-joint.

That portion of a joint to be welded where the members approach closes to each other. In cross section, the joint root may be either a point, a line, or an area.