What is a Procedure in Welding?
A procedure is a set of specific steps or methods used to produce a desired result. In welding, procedures are often written down and followed in order to ensure a consistent, high-quality weld.
There are many different welding procedures, each designed for a specific type of welding and material. Some of the most common welding procedures include gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), and gas metal arc welding (GMAW).
Procedures usually consist of three main parts: preparation, execution, and post-welding. Preparation includes all the steps necessary to get the materials ready for welding, such as cleaning, fitting, and tack welding. Execution is the actual welding process, and post-welding includes all the steps needed to finish the weld, such as cooling, inspection, and testing.
Following a procedure is important in welding because it helps ensure a consistent, high-quality weld.
What is a welding procedure test?
A welding procedure test (WPT) is a test that is used to verify that a welding procedure meets the requirements of a specific standard. The most common standards for welding procedures are ASTM International standards, which are used in the United States, and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards, which are used in Europe.
There are two types of WPTs: destructive and non-destructive. Destructive WPTs involves actually testing the weld by breaking it apart to see if it meets the required strength. Non-destructive WPTs use methods such as X-rays or ultrasounds to inspect the weld without damaging it.
Which type of WPT is used depends on the standard that the welding procedure is being tested against. For example, ISO standards typically require destructive WPTs, while ASTM standards allow for either type.
Why are welding procedures important?
Welding procedures are important because they help ensure a consistent, high-quality weld. When done correctly, welding can create strong, long-lasting joints between two pieces of metal. However, if even one step in the procedure is not followed correctly, it can cause problems with the weld, such as porosity or cracking.
Following a procedure is also important because it can help prevent accidents and injuries. Welding can be dangerous if proper safety precautions are not followed.
What should be in a Welding Procedure Specification?
A Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) is a document that describes how to safely and effectively weld a specific type of joint with a specific material.
A WPS should include all the information necessary to safely and effectively weld a joint, including:
- The type of welding process to be used
- The types of electrode and filler material to be used
- The shielding gas to be used (if applicable)
- The welding current, voltage, and travel speed to be used
- The preheat temperature and interpass temperature (if applicable)
- Pipe specifications (if applicable)
- Backing strip specifications (if applicable)
What is a welding procedure qualification record?
A welding procedure qualification record (WPQR) is a document that proves that a welding procedure meets the requirements of a specific standard. A WPQR is used to qualify a welding procedure for use in production.
To create a WPQR, a welder must weld two test coupons according to the welding procedure being qualified. The test coupons are then sent to a laboratory for testing. If the test coupons meet the required standards, then the welding procedure is considered qualified and can be used in production.