What are Gas Ions in Welding?

Gas ions are atoms that, in the presence of an electrical current, lose one or more electrons and therefore, carry a positive electrical charge. They provide a more electrically conductive path for the arc between the electrode and the workpiece.

When welding with an arc torch, the heat of the arc causes the shielding gas molecules to dissociate into atoms. These atoms are then ionized by the electrical current passing through the arc, losing electrons in the process.

The resulting ions are more electrically conductive than the neutral gas molecules and help to carry the welding current between the electrode and the workpiece. This, in turn, makes the arc more stable and helps to prevent welding defects.

While gas ions are generally beneficial for welding, too many ions can actually be detrimental. If the ion concentration in the arc plasma becomes too high, it can cause the arc to become unstable and difficult to control.